Destructive distillation apparatus

ABSTRACT

The present invention discloses a destructive distillation apparatus, comprising a destructive distillation drum; a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillation drum. The destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and the discharge drum. An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates, and a spacing is kept between every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates. Each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates, and each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope. The flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, and a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructive distillation drum. The destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber. Outer walls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers. An outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum. The present invention can control and adjust processing times of the materials in the destructive distillation drum during each process flow and the whole flow, so as to control product quality.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention generally relates to material processingapparatus, more particularly, to a destructive distillation apparatushaving different-diameter drums, for processing organic wastes.

2. Description of the Related Art

Drums in traditional destructive distillation apparatuses have astraight drum structure. A destructive distillation drum, a feeding drumand a discharge drum all have the equal diameter at a front end and at abackward end thereof, and a tripper plate is mounted within thedestructive distillation drum. On installation, a feeding end (i.e., afront end) of the destructive distillation drum is positioned to behigher than a discharge end (i.e., a backward end) thereof, or in otherwords, the front end is inclined with respect to the backward end at acertain angle, so that during heating process thereof, the materials inthe destructive distillation drum successively move from the feeding endto the discharge end, under the action of the tripper plate in thedestructive distillation drum, and finally are discharged off thedestructive distillation drum through the discharge end thereof.

The traditional drum structures have the following drawbacks:

1) During the destructive distillation, the materials undergo processingflows such as water evaporation (at a temperature in a range of 100-200°C.), organic matter pyrolysis (at a temperature in a range of 400-500°C.), carbonization (at a temperature in a range of 500-600° C.), andactivation (at a temperature of 750-950° C.). In order to achieve theabove processes, the traditionally straight drum is heated in a stepwiseway, and thus it is difficult to accurately control the temperature ofeach process flow, or this causes waste of energy source or affectsproduct quality.

2) When the traditionally straight drum is operating, the materials arecontinuously fed into the drum. Because the materials fed into the drumcontain different contents of water and organic matters, it is difficultfor the traditionally straight drum to adjust processing times of thematerials in the drum during each process flow and the whole flow, onbasis of water percentage of the fed materials and so on, and thus it isimpossible to control product quality.

3) As for the destructive distillation of a certain material, it needs arelatively long processing time in the drum, and thus the traditionallystraight drum needs to have a very long length to meet the requirement.After increasing of the length of the drum, thickness and materialthereof are necessary to increase accordingly. Since the destructivedistillation is performed under a high temperature, after increasing thelength of the drum to a certain degree, strength of the drum in the hightemperature does not meet the requirement.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to remove oralleviate at least one aspect of the above problems and defects in theprior arts.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides adestructive distillation apparatus, comprising:

a destructive distillation drum;

a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of twoends of the destructive distillation drum, wherein the feeding drum isprovided with a spiral feeding plate therein and the discharge drum isprovided with a spiral discharge plate therein,

wherein the destructive distillation drum has a larger diameter than thefeeding drum and the discharge drum, an inner wall of the destructivedistillation drum is installed with rows of tripper and guiding plates,every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates are kept at aspacing; each row of the tripper and guiding plates are consisted of aplurality of tripper and guiding plates, each tripper and guiding plateis formed by a flat plane and a triangle having a slope, the flat planesof each row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged,a pointed end of the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of thedestructive distillation drum,

wherein the destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustionchamber, outer was of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each aremounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supportingrollers; an outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drivegear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards orbackwards rotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feedingdrum.

In one embodiment, the feeding drum is connected with a gas collectingchamber in the destructive distillation apparatus; and the dischargedrum is connected with a discharge chamber of the destructivedistillation apparatus.

Further, a connecting part between the destructive distillation drum andthe discharge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a discharge plate isprovided.

Specifically, an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to beleft-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.

Specifically, an intersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to beright-handed with an axis of the feeding drum is 25°-35°.

Specifically, an intersection angle of the slope of the tripper andguiding plate with the axis of the destructive distillation drum is10°-30°.

Specifically, the destructive distillation drum, the feeding drum, thedischarge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, the spiral feedingplate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and the conical cylinderall are made of 310S stainless steel materials.

As compared to the prior art, the present invention has the followingtechnical effects:

1) After transporting the materials into the large destructivedistillation drum, the temperatures of different stages are accuratelycontrolled depending on the different stages of the process flows, so asto save energy source and ensure the product quality.

2) The processing times of the materials in the large destructivedistillation drum during each process flow and the entire flow arecontrolled and adjusted on basis of the different contents of the waterand organic matters contained by the transported materials in the largedestructive distillation drum, so as to control the product quality.

3) It is also possible to control the processing time of the materialsin the large destructive distillation drum based on the processingrequirements, without increasing the length of the drum, therebyimproving operation reliability of the apparatus.

The destructive distillation apparatus having a different-diameter drumin accordance with the present invention is not reported or disclosed inthe prior art.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a structural schematic view of a different-diameter drum inaccordance with the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view cut along a line A-A of FIG. 1, showing astructure and a shape of tripper and guiding plates.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the different-diameter drum installedonto the destructive distillation apparatus in accordance with thepresent invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view cut along a line B-B of FIG. 3.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS IN THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

1 destructive distillation drum

2 feeding drum

3 discharge drum

4 tripper and guiding plate

5 spiral feeding plate

6 spiral discharge plate

7 discharge plate

8 conical cylinder

9 supporting roller ring

10 drive gear ring

11 discharge chamber

12 supporting roller

13 electric motor

14 gas collecting chamber

15 combustion chamber

16 destructive distillation apparatus

17 material transport device

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The present invention provides a destructive distillation apparatus,comprising:

a destructive distillation drum;

a feeding drum and a discharge drum, respectively located at each of twoends of the destructive distillation drum, wherein the destructivedistillation drum has a larger diameter than the feeding drum and thedischarge drum.

An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum is installed withrows of tripper and guiding plates, and every two adjacent rows of thetripper and guiding plates are kept at a spacing. Each row of thetripper and guiding plates are consisted of a plurality of tripper andguiding plates. Each tripper and guiding plate is formed by a flat planeand a triangle having a slope, the flat planes of each row of thetripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged, and a pointed endof the triangle is directed toward a discharge port of the destructivedistillation drum.

The destructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber,and outer walls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each aremounted with supporting roller rings, which are situated onto supportingrollers. An outer wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drivegear ring, which is driven by an electric motor so as to rotate with thedestructive distillation drum and the feeding drum.

In one embodiment, the feeding drum is connected with a gas collectingchamber in the destructive distillation apparatus; and the dischargedrum is connected with a discharge chamber of the destructivedistillation apparatus.

Further, a connecting part between the destructive distillation drum andthe small discharge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a dischargeplate is provided.

Specifically, an expansion slit or gap is remained between two tripperand guiding plates in each row.

Specifically, the discharge drum is provided with a spiral dischargeplate therein and an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to beleft-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.

Specifically, the feeding drum is provided with a spiral discharge platetherein and an intersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to beright-handed with an axis of the feeding drum is 20°-35°.

The diameter of the destructive distillation drum is 1000 mm-1500 mm,and the length thereof is 2 m-10 m.

The diameters of the feeding drum and the discharge drum arerespectively 500 mm-800 mm, and the lengths thereof are 1200-2500 mm.

Specifically, the destructive distillation drum, the feeding drum, thedischarge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, the spiral feedingplate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and the conical cylinderall are made of 310S stainless steel materials.

Now the present invention is explained in detail below in connectingwith the figures.

As shown, a destructive distillation apparatus provided by the presentinvention is shown in FIG. 3, a middle part of which is a destructivedistillation drum 1, wherein a feeding drum 2 is located at one end ofthe destructive distillation drum whereas a discharge drum 3 is locatedat the other end thereof. The destructive distillation drum 1 has alarger diameter than the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3. In thepresent invention, the destructive distillation drum 1 can have adiameter in a range of 1000 mm-1500 mm, and the feeding drum 2 and thedischarge drum 3 can have a diameter in a range of 500 mm-800 mm. FIG. 1shows a structural front view of the destructive distillation drum ofthe present invention, and FIG. 4 illustrates an end view thereof.

The feeding drum 2 is connected with a gas collecting chamber 14 of thedestructive distillation apparatus 1; and the discharge drum isconnected to a discharge chamber 11 of the destructive distillationapparatus. The destructive distillation drum 1 is positioned within acombustion chamber 15. The feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 arerespectively provided with supporting roller rings 9 at an outer wallthereof, which are supported by supporting rollers 12.

An outer wall of the discharge drum 3 is disposed with a drive gear ring10, which is driven by an electric motor 13, so as to rotate thedischarge drum 3, the destructive distillation chamber 1 and the feedingdrum 2. A connecting part between the destructive distillation drum 1and the discharge drum 3 is a conical cylinder 8, which is provided witha discharge plate 7 therein.

An inner wall of the destructive distillation drum 1 is installed withrows of tripper and guiding plates 4, two adjacent rows of which arekept at a certain distance. Two tripper and guiding plates 4 in each roware provided with an expansion gap. An angle between a slope of thetripper and guiding plate 4 and an axis of the drum is 10-30°.

The discharge drum 3 therein is provided with a spiral discharge plate6, and an intersection angle of the spiral discharge plate 6 to beleft-handed with the axis of the small discharge drum 3 is 20°-35°.

The feeding drum 2 therein is provided with a spiral feeding plate 5,and an intersection angle of the spiral feeding plate 5 to beright-handed with the axis of the small feeding drum 2 is 20°-35°.

Preferred Embodiments of the Invention:

The destructive distillation drum 1 in the destructive distillationapparatus of the present invention is a reducing drum or adifferent-diameter drum. The feeding drum 2 is provided at one end ofthe destructive distillation drum, whereas the discharge drum 3 islocated at the other end. The feeding drum 2 is connected with the gascollecting chamber 14 of the destructive distillation apparatus. Thedischarge drum is connected with the discharge chamber 11 of thedestructive distillation apparatus, and the destructive distillationdrum 1 is located in the combustion chamber 15. The cuter walls of thefeeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are provided with the respectivesupporting roller rings 9, which are situated onto the supporting roller12. The outer wall of the discharge drum 3 is disposed with the drivegear ring 10. The drive gear ring 10 is driven by the electric motor 13,so as to forwards or backwards rotate with the small discharge drum 3,the destructive distillation chamber 1 and the small feeding drum 2 (Forpurpose of brevity, detailed description of it is omitted as they arewell-known techniques in the art).

A connecting part between the destructive distillation drum 1 and thedischarge drum 3 is configured to be the conical cylinder 8, which isprovided with the discharge plate 7 therein. The inner wall of the largedestructive distillation drum 1 is installed with rows of tripper andguiding plates 4, two adjacent of which is kept with a certain distance.The expansion gap is disposed between two tripper and guiding plates 4in each row. Two adjacent rows of the tripper and guiding plates 4 arespaced apart from each other with a spacing, and each row of the tripperand guiding plates 4 is consisted of a plurality of tripper and guidingplates. Each tripper and guiding plate is composed of a flat plane and atriangle having a slope. The length of the flat plane and slope of eachtripper and guiding plate is respectively 300 mm, and the intersectionangle of the slope with the drum axis is 25°. The flat planes of theeach row of the tripper and guiding plates are horizontally arranged,and the pointed angle of the triangle is directed toward the dischargeport of the heating drum (as shown in FIG. 2).

The discharge drum 3 therein is provided with a spiral discharge plate6, and an intersection angle of the spiral discharge plate 6 to beleft-handed with the axis of the small discharge drum 3 is 30°. Thefeeding drum 2 therein is provided with a spiral feeding plate 5, and anintersection angle of the spiral feeding plate 5 to be right-handed withthe axis of the small feeding drum 2 is 30°.

A diameter of the destructive distillation drum 1 is 1300 mm, and thelength thereof is 8 m. The diameters of the feeding drum 2 and thedischarge drum 3 are respectively 800 mm. The lengths of the feedingdrum 2 and the discharge drum 3 are respectively 1500 mm, and 2500 mm.in an exemplary example, all of the destructive distillation drum 1, thefeeding drum 2, the discharge drum 3, the tripper and guiding plates 4,the spiral feeding plate 5, the spiral discharge plate 6, the dischargeplate 7, and the conical cylinder 8 are made of 310S stainless steel.

When the destructive distillation apparatus begins to operate, thedestructive distillation drum 1, the feeding drum 2, and the dischargedrum 3 rotate clockwise (seen from the end of the gas collecting chamber14). The materials are transported into the feeding drum 2 by a materialtransport device 17 (herein it is not described in detail as they areknown in the art), and enter the large destructive distillation drum 1under the action of the spiral feeding plate 5. During the destructivedistillation, the materials in the large destructive distillation drum 1are stirred up and heated up by the tripper and guiding plates 4. Atfirst, the materials are heated to 100-200° C. to vaporize the water.When the water vaporizing process is finished, the temperature isincreased up to 400-500° C. to perform the organic matter pyrolysis.When the process of the organic matter pyrolysis is completed, thetemperature is increased up to 500-600° C., to perform the process ofcarbonization. When the process of carbonization is finished, thetemperature is increased up to 750-950° C. to perform the process ofactivation. In accordance with different stages of the process flow, itis possible to accurately control the temperature of the combustionchamber 15 at different stages, in order to save energy source andensure quality of the product. On basis of the different contents of thewater and organic matters contained in the feed-in materials of thedestructive distillation drum 1, the processing times of the materialsin the destructive distillation drum 1 during each process flow and theentire flow can be controlled and adjusted, so as to control the qualityof the product.

After finishing the activation process, the destructive distillationdrum 1, the feeding drum 2 and the discharge drum 3 rotate in ananti-clockwise direction (seen from the end of the gas collectingchamber 14). The materials in the large destructive distillation drum 1move from the feeding end to the discharge end, under the action of thetripper and guiding plates 4; and under the action of the dischargeplate 7 enter the discharge drum 3. Then the materials enter thedischarge chamber under the action of the spiral discharge plate 6 inthe discharge drum 3.

What the claims is:
 1. A destructive distillation apparatus, comprising:a destructive distillation drum; a feeding drum and a discharge drum,respectively located at each of two ends of the destructive distillationdrum, wherein the feeding drum is provided with a spiral feeding platetherein and the discharge drum is provided with a spiral discharge platetherein, wherein the destructive distillation drum has a larger diameterthan the feeding drum and the discharge drum, an inner wall of thedestructive distillation drum is installed with rows of tripper andguiding plates, every two adjacent rows of the tripper and guidingplates are kept at a spacing; each row of the tripper and guiding platesare consisted of a plurality of tripper and guiding plates, each tripperand guiding plate is formed by a flat plane and a triangle having aslope, the flat planes of each row of the tripper and guiding plates arehorizontally arranged, a pointed end of the triangle is directed towarda discharge port of the destructive distillation drum, wherein thedestructive distillation drum is placed into a combustion chamber, outerwalls of the feeding drum and the discharge drum each are mounted withsupporting roller rings, which are situated onto supporting rollers; anouter wall of the discharge drum is provided with a drive gear ring,which is driven by an electric motor so as to forwards or backwardsrotate with the destructive distillation drum and the feeding drum. 2.The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, whereinthe feeding drum is connected with a gas collecting chamber in thedestructive distillation apparatus; and the discharge drum is connectedwith a discharge chamber of the destructive distillation apparatus. 3.The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein aconnecting part between the destructive distillation drum and thedischarge drum is a conical cylinder, in which a discharge plate isprovided.
 4. The destructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim1, wherein an intersection angle of spiral discharge plate to beleft-handed with an axis of the discharge drum is 20°-35°.
 5. Thedestructive distillation apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein anintersecting angle of the spiral feeding plate to be right-handed withan axis of the feeding drum is 25°-35°.
 6. The destructive distillationapparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein an intersection angle of theslope of the tripper and guiding plate with the axis of the destructivedistillation drum is 10°-30°.
 7. The destructive distillation apparatusas claimed in claim 1, wherein the destructive distillation drum, thefeeding drum, the discharge drum, the tripper and guiding plates, thespiral feeding plate, the discharge plate, the discharge plate and theconical cylinder all are made of 310S stainless steel materials.